![]() ![]() Add the terms from the list below to the blanks in the following statements. Breathing constantly changes the air in the alveoli.ġ1.The blood flows more slowly in the lung capillaries as they are so narrow.The air in the alveoli and blood in the capillaries are separated by a 2 very thin layers of cells.Which of the following help the lungs to be such good gas exchange organs? (Choose at least 4). Which of the statements below gives the best definition of gas exchange? :d) exchanging oxygen for carbon dioxide in the lung alveoli.ġ0. alveolus thin layer of water area of high oxygen concentration area of high carbon dioxide concentration movement of oxygen movement of carbon dioxide air moves in and out of alveoli blood flowing along capillary.ĩ. Add the following labels to the diagram of lung alveoli below. l) Expired air contains about 16% oxygen. T k) Oxygen moves from the alveoli into the capillaries by the process of osmosis. j) Carbon dioxide in the blood is mainly carried in the blood plasma. i) Carbon dioxide dissolved in the blood makes the blood alkaline. h) When an animal exercises the rate of breathing increases because the carbon dioxide in the blood increases. It is controlled by respiratory centres in the medulla oblongata (and the pons). T g) The rate of breathing is controlled by the pituitary gland. f) The epiglottis closes off the larynx during swallowing. The contraction of the diaphragm is under conscious control and skeletal muscle is the only muscle under conscious control. ![]() The diaphragm is made of skeletal muscle. e) The diaphragm is made of smooth muscle. d) Inspiration takes up energy but expiration (during normal at rest breathing) is a passive process not normally requiring energy. Tidal volume can be measured with any device that traps and then measures the volume of air expelled from the lungs during a normal "at rest" breath. A peak flow meter measures the force with which air can be blown out of the lungs.It does not measure volume. ![]() c) Tidal volume can be measured with a peak flow meter F. The tidal volume is the volume of air that is inhaled or exhaled in one normal at rest breath. b) The tidal volume describes the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled into the lungs. The membrane surrounding the lungs is the pleural membrane. True or false? a) The pericardium is the membrane surrounding the lungs. Note: B and D occur together so the order can be BDAEC or DBAECħ. Air is drawn down the trachea into the lungs The lungs expand to fill the space created C. The air pressure in the air tight pleural cavities decreases E. The muscles between the ribs contract to move the ribs up and out D. Arrange these statements in the right order to describe inspiration. Pleura k) The volume of air inhaled or exhaled at each normal breath. Diaphragm j) Membranes that cover the lungs and line the pleural cavity. Expiration i) The main muscle involved in inspiration. Pharynx h) The movement of air out of the lungs. Epiglottis g) Both air and food pass through this. Alveoli f) Stops food “going the wrong way” i.e. Trachea e) Where gas exchange takes place. Bronchioles b) Separates the mouth from the nose. Add the correct terms from the list below to the following descriptions. ![]() They are then transported to the nose by the beating of the cilia that also line the trachea, bronchi and bronchioles.ĥ. How are dust particles that enter the respiratory system in the air expelled? They become enmeshed in the mucus produced by cells lining the respiratory tract. The rest are parts of the respiratory system.Ĥ. The oesophagus is part of the digestive system. Which is the odd one out? trachea oesophagus nasal cavity larynx bronchi bronchioles. List the structures below in the order in which air passes them as it travels from the nose to the lungs pharynx larynx trachea bronchi bronchioles alveoliģ. Add labels to the diagram of the respiratory system of a dog below:Ģ. ![]()
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